Yudea Hashmonayim
Yudea Hashmonayim, juga dikenal pada paruh sejarahnya sebagai kerajaan Hashmonayim, adalah sebuah negara orang Yahudi independen di Yudea dan wilayah sekitarnya, pada zaman Helenistik dari zaman Bait Allah Kedua. Negara Hashmonayim timbul dari Pemberontakan Makabe melawan kekaisaran Seleukia. Negara tersebut dikuasai oleh dinasti Hashmonayim, yang diturunkan dari Makabe, dan memadukan jabatan imam tinggi dan etnark. Para pemimpin dinasti tersebut kemudian menyandang gelar raja. Awalnya, Yudea masih menjadi semi-otonom di bawah Kekaisaran Seleukia, namun kala otoritas Seleukia menurun, Hashmonayim menerima kemerdekaan penuh dan meluaskan wilayah mereka ke wilayah tetangga, yang meliputi Perea, Samaria, Idumea, Galilea, dan Iturea.
Daftar pustaka
Sumber kuno
- Diodorus Siculus. Bibliotheca Historica.
- Josephus. Antiquities of the Jews.
- Josephus. The Jewish War.
- Tacitus. Histories.
- 1 Maccabees.
- 2 Maccabees.
- Babylonian Talmud.
- Jerusalem Talmud.
- Megillat Taanit.
- Mishnah.
Sumber modern
- Adler, Yonatan (2022). The Origins of Judaism: An Archaeological-Historical Reappraisal. The Anchor Yale Bible Reference Library. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-26837-9.
- Broshi, Magen (2001). "Estimating the Population of Ancient Jerusalem". Bread, Wine, Walls and Scrolls. London & New York: Sheffield Academic Press. hlm. 110–120. ISBN 1-841-27201-9.
- Dąbrowa, Edward (2009). The Hasmoneans and their State: A Study in History, Ideology, and the Institutions. Jagiellonian University Press. ISBN 9788323380481.
- Delcor, Mathias (2007). "The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Hellenistic period". Dalam Davies, W. D.; Finkelstein, Louis (ed.). The Hellenistic Age. The Cambridge History of Judaism. Vol. 2 (Edisi 4th). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 409–503. ISBN 978-0-521-21929-7.
- Ilan, Tal (1987). "The Names of the Hasmoneans in the Second Temple Period / שמות החשמונאים בימי בית שני". Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies / ארץ-ישראל: מחקרים בידיעת הארץ ועתיקותיה. יט: 238–241. ISSN 0071-108X. JSTOR 23621234.
- Goldstein, Jonathan A. (2007). "The Hasmonean revolt and the Hasmonean dynasty". Dalam Davies, W. D.; Finkelstein, Louis (ed.). The Hellenistic Age. The Cambridge History of Judaism. Vol. 2 (Edisi 4th). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 292–351. ISBN 978-0-521-21929-7.
- Goodblatt, David M. (2006). Elements of Ancient Jewish Nationalism. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780511499067.
- Grabbe, Lester L. (2020). A History of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple Period, Volume 3: The Maccabaean Revolt, Hasmonaean Rule, and Herod the Great (175–4 BCE). The Library of Second Temple Studies. T&T Clark. ISBN 978-0-5676-9294-8.
- Grabbe, Lester L. (2021). A History of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple Period, Volume 4: The Jews under the Roman Shadow (4 BCE–150 CE). The Library of Second Temple Studies. T&T Clark. ISBN 978-0-567-70070-4.
- Ji, Chang-Ho (2020). "A Late Hellenistic–Early Roman Fortress at Khirbat Mudayna as-Saliya, Central Jordan". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 152 (3): 207–233. doi:10.1080/00310328.2020.1759297.
- Leibner, Uzi (2009). Settlement and History in Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine Galilee: An Archaeological Survey of the Eastern Galilee (PDF). Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism. Vol. 127. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 978-3-16-149871-8.
- Magness, Jodi (2012). The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon's Temple to the Muslim Conquest. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-01383-3.
- Magness, Jodi (2024). Jerusalem Through The Ages: From Its Beginnings To The Crusades. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-093780-5. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 8 December 2024. Diakses tanggal 8 December 2024.
- Mendels, Doron (1992). The Rise and Fall of Jewish Nationalism: Jewish and Christian Ethnicity in Ancient Palestine. Anchor Bible Reference Library. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-26126-5.
- Muraoka, T. (1992). Studies in Qumran Aramaic. Peeters. ISBN 978-90-6831-419-9.
- Neusner, J. (1983). "Jews in Iran". Dalam Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3 (2); the Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian periods. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-24693-4.
- Noam, Vered (2006). "Megillat Taanit – The Scroll of Fasting". Dalam Safrai, Shemu'el (ed.). The Literature of the Sages: Part 2 — Midrash and Targum, Liturgy, Poetry, Mysticism, Contracts, Inscriptions, Ancient Science, and the Languages of Rabbinic Literature. Compendia rerum iudaicarum ad Novum Testamentum Section 2, The literature of the Jewish people in the period of the Second Temple and the Talmud. Assen, Philadelphia: Royal Van Gorcum. hlm. 339–362. ISBN 978-90-232-4222-2.
- Rajak, Tessa (1994). "The Jews Under Hasmonean Rule". Dalam Crook, J. A.; Lintott, Andrew; Rawson, Elizabeth (ed.). The Last Age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC. The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 9. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 274–309. doi:10.1017/CHOL9781139054379.010. ISBN 978-1-139-05437-9.
- Raviv, Dvir (2019-07-03). "Granting of the Toparchies of Ephraim, Ramathaim and Lod to Hasmonean Judea". Tel Aviv. 46 (2): 267–285. doi:10.1080/03344355.2019.1650500. ISSN 0334-4355.
- Regev, Eyal (2013). The Hasmoneans: Ideology, Archaeology, Identity. Journal of Ancient Judaism: Supplements. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. ISBN 978-3525550434.
- Sabar, Roi (2022). "Ḥorvat Tefen: A Hasmonean Fortress in the Hinterland of Akko-Ptolemais". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 387: 55–85.
- Shatzman, Israel (1991). The Armies of the Hasmonaeans and Herod. From Hellenistic to Roman Frameworks. Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism. Mohr Siebeck. doi:10.1628/978-3-16-158776-4. ISBN 978-3161587764.
- Schwartz, Daniel (2001). "כהונה ומלוכה בתקופה החשמונאית" [Priesthood and Monarchy in the Hasmonean Period]. Dalam Gafni, Isaiah (ed.). קהל ישראל: השלטון העצמי היהודי לדורותיו – העת העתיקה [The Ancient Period]. Kehal Yisrael: Jewish Self-Rule Through The Ages (dalam bahasa Ibrani). Vol. 1. The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History. hlm. 13–26.
- Vermes, Géza (2014). The True Herod. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-0-567-48841-1.
Bacaan tambahan
- Atkinson, Kenneth (2018). The Hasmoneans and Their Neighbors: New Historical Reconstructions from the Dead Sea Scrolls and Classical Sources. Jewish and Christian Texts. T&T Clark. ISBN 9780567680822.
- Berthelot, Katell (2018). In Search of the Promised Land? The Hasmonean Dynasty Between Biblical Models and Hellenistic Diplomacy. Journal of Ancient Judaism: Supplements. Vol. 24. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3525552520.
- Noam, Vered (2018). Shifting Images of the Hasmoneans: Second Temple Legends and Their Reception in Josephus and Rabbinic Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198811381.
- Rajak, Tessa (2018). "The Hasmoneans and the Uses of Hellenism". The Jewish Dialogue with Greece and Rome: Studies in Cultural and Social Interaction. Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums. Vol. 48. Brill. hlm. 61–80. doi:10.1163/9789047400196_009. ISBN 978-90-04-11285-8.
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