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Sefem adalah subkelompok antibiotik β-laktam termasuk sefalosporin dan sefamisin.^[1] Ini merupakan salah satu senyawa heterosiklik cincin 4 anggota yang paling umum di klinik.^[2] Diproduksi oleh bakteri Actinomycetes, sefamisin ditemukan menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap berbagai macam bakteri, termasuk yang resisten terhadap penisilin dan sefalosporin.^[3] Sifat antimikroba sefem termasuk pengikatan pada protein pengikat penisilin tertentu yang terlibat dalam produksi dinding sel bakteri.^[4]

Referensi

^ Bryskier, André (2000). "Cephems. Fifty Years of Continuous Research". The Journal of Antibiotics. 53 (10): 1028–1037. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.53.1028. PMID 11132947.
^ Vitaku E, Smith DT, Njardarson JT (December 2014). "Analysis of the structural diversity, substitution patterns, and frequency of nitrogen heterocycles among U.S. FDA approved pharmaceuticals". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 57 (24): 10257–10274. doi:10.1021/jm501100b. PMID 25255204.
^ Stapley EO, Jackson M, Hernandez S, Zimmerman SB, Currie SA, Mochales S, et al. (September 1972). "Cephamycins, a new family of beta-lactam antibiotics. I. Production by actinomycetes, including Streptomyces lactamdurans sp. n". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2 (3): 122–131. doi:10.1128/AAC.2.3.122. PMC 444278. PMID 4790552.
^ Molteni E, Onida G, Ceccarelli M, Cappellini G (2021-04-03). "Ab Initio Spectroscopic Investigation of Pharmacologically Relevant Chiral Molecules: The Cases of Avibactam, Cephems, and Idelalisib as Benchmarks for Antibiotics and Anticancer Drugs". Symmetry (dalam bahasa Inggris). 13 (4): 601. Bibcode:2021Symm...13..601M. doi:10.3390/sym13040601. hdl:2434/831526. ISSN 2073-8994.

Bacaan lanjutan

Hamilton-Miller JM (November 2003). "Chemical and microbiologic aspects of penems, a distinct class of beta-lactams: focus on faropenem". Pharmacotherapy. 23 (11): 1497–1507. doi:10.1592/phco.23.14.1497.31937. PMID 14620395. S2CID 43705118.
Ito K, Hayasaki M, Tamaya T (June 1990). "Pharmacokinetics of cephem antibiotics in exudate of pelvic retroperitoneal space after radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 34 (6): 1160–1164. doi:10.1128/AAC.34.6.1160. PMC 171777. PMID 2393276.
Bryskier, André (2000). "Cephems. Fifty Years of Continuous Research". The Journal of Antibiotics. 53 (10): 1028–1037. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.53.1028. PMID 11132947.

[:0-1] Bryskier, André (2000). "Cephems. Fifty Years of Continuous Research". The Journal of Antibiotics. 53 (10): 1028–1037. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.53.1028. PMID 11132947.

[2] Vitaku E, Smith DT, Njardarson JT (December 2014). "Analysis of the structural diversity, substitution patterns, and frequency of nitrogen heterocycles among U.S. FDA approved pharmaceuticals". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 57 (24): 10257–10274. doi:10.1021/jm501100b. PMID 25255204.

[3] Stapley EO, Jackson M, Hernandez S, Zimmerman SB, Currie SA, Mochales S, et al. (September 1972). "Cephamycins, a new family of beta-lactam antibiotics. I. Production by actinomycetes, including Streptomyces lactamdurans sp. n". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2 (3): 122–131. doi:10.1128/AAC.2.3.122. PMC 444278. PMID 4790552.

[4] Molteni E, Onida G, Ceccarelli M, Cappellini G (2021-04-03). "Ab Initio Spectroscopic Investigation of Pharmacologically Relevant Chiral Molecules: The Cases of Avibactam, Cephems, and Idelalisib as Benchmarks for Antibiotics and Anticancer Drugs". Symmetry (dalam bahasa Inggris). 13 (4): 601. Bibcode:2021Symm...13..601M. doi:10.3390/sym13040601. hdl:2434/831526. ISSN 2073-8994.

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