Pertarungan Rawa Besar
| Pembantaian Rawa Besar | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bagian dari Perang Raja Philip | |||||||
 Lukisan Pembantaian Rawa Besar | |||||||
| |||||||
| Pihak terlibat | |||||||
|
Konfederasi New England Pequot Mohegan | Narragansetts | ||||||
| Tokoh dan pemimpin | |||||||
|
Gubernur Josiah Winslow (kepala komandan)[1] Mayor Samuel Appleton (komandan Koloni Teluk Massachusetts)[1] Gubernur Robert Treat (komandan Koloni Connecticut)[1] Mayor William Bradford (komandan Koloni Plymouth)[1] Uncas (Mohegan Sachem) Kapten William Raymond[2] | Canonchet (Narragansett Sachem) | ||||||
| Kekuatan | |||||||
|
1.000 militan 150 prajurit |
1.000 prajurit 1 benteng | ||||||
| Korban | |||||||
|
~70 tewas ~150 luka-luka |
~ 97 prajurit tewas ~300–1.000 non-penyerang tewas[3] ~300 ditangkap 1 benteng dihancurkan[4] | ||||||
Pembantaian Rawa Besar atau Pertarungan Rawa Besar adalah sebuah pertempuran krusial yang terjadi saat Perang Raja Philip antara militan kolonial New England dan suku Narragansett pada Desember 1675. Pertempuran tersebut terjadi di dekat desa-desa Kingston dan West Kingston di Koloni Rhode Island dan Providence Plantations. Pasukan gabungan militan New England meliputi 150 Pequot, dan mereka mendera sejumlah besar korban Narragansett, termasuk beberapa ratus wanita dan anak-anak. Pertempuran tersebut disebut oleh para sejarawan sebagai "salah satu pertikaian militer paling brutal dan timpang dalam sepanjang sejarah New England."[3]
Referensi
- ^ a b c d Eric B. Schultz; Michael J. Tougias (2000). King Philip's War. Woodstock, VT: The Countryman Press. hlm. 181–182. ISBN 978-0-88150-483-5.
- ^ Maine place names and the peopling of its towns. Portland, Me., B. Wheelwright. 1955. ISBN 978-0-87027-112-0.
- ^ a b Drake, James D. (1999). King Philip's War: Civil War in New England, 1675–1676. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. hlm. 119. ISBN 1-55849-224-0.
- ^ "Blood and Betrayal: King Philip's War". 30 October 2014.
Bacaan tambahan
- Church, Benjamin, as told to Thomas Church, The History of Philip's War, Commonly Called The Great Indian War of 1675 and 1676, edited by Samuel G. Drake,(Exeter, NH: J & B Williams, 1829); Facsimile Reprint by Heritage Books, Bowie, Maryland, 1989.
- Mather, Increase, A Brief History of the Warr with the Indians in New-England (Boston, 1676; London, 1676).
- Mather, Increase. Relation of the Troubles Which Have Happened in New England by Reason of the Indians There, from the Year 1614 to the Year 1675 (Kessinger Publishing, [1677] 2003).
- Mather, Increase. The History of King Philip's War by the Rev. Increase Mather, D.D.; also, a history of the same war, by the Rev. Cotton Mather, D.D.; to which are added an introduction and notes, by Samuel G. Drake (Boston: Samuel G. Drake, 1862).
- Leach, Douglas Edward, Flintlock and Tomahawk: New England in King Philip's War; Parnassus Imprints, East Orleans, Massachusetts; 1954; ISBN 0-940160-55-2
- Mandell, Daniel R. King Philip's War: Colonial Expansion, Native Resistance, and the End of Indian Sovereignty (Johns Hopkins University Press; 2010) 176 pages
- Schultz, Eric B. and Michael J. Touglas, King Philip's War: The History and Legacy of America's Forgotten Conflict New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 2000.
- Zelner, Kyle F. A Rabble in Arms: Massachusetts Towns and Militiamen during King Philip's War (New York: New York University Press, 2009) ISBN 978-0-8147-9734-1
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